ABSTRACT
Objective
The aim of this study was to determine whether patients who received rehabilitation
services had an increased risk of having late-life depressive or anxiety symptoms
within the year following termination of services.
Methods
The National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) is a population-based, longitudinal
cohort survey of a nationally representative sample of Medicare beneficiaries aged
65years and older. This study involved 5,979 participants from the 2016 NHATS survey.
The Patient Health Questionnaire-2 and Generalized Anxiety Disorder 2-item assessed
for clinically significant depressive and anxiety symptoms.
Results
The prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms was higher in older adults who had
received rehabilitation services in the year prior and varied by site: no rehabilitation
(depressive and anxiety symptoms): 10.4% and 8.8%; nursing home or inpatient rehabilitation:
38.8% and 23.8%; outpatient rehabilitation: 8.6% and 5.5%; in-home rehabilitation:
35.3% and 20.5%; multiple rehabilitation sites: 20.3% and 14.4%; and any rehabilitation
site: 18.4% and 11.8%. In multiple logistic regression analyses, nursing home and
inpatient and in-home rehabilitation services, respectively, were associated with
an increased risk of having subsequent depressive symptoms (odds ratio: 3.51; 95%
confidence interval [CI]: 1.85–6.63; OR: 2.15; 95% CI: 1.08–4.30) but not anxiety
symptoms.
Conclusion
Older adults who receive rehabilitation services are at risk of having depressive
and anxiety symptoms after these services have terminated. As mental illness is associated
with considerable morbidity and may affect rehabilitation outcomes, additional efforts
to identify and treat depression and anxiety in these older adults may be warranted.
Key Words
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: December 13, 2018
Accepted:
December 11,
2018
Received:
October 29,
2018
Identification
Copyright
© 2018 American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
